Search results for "Health effects"
showing 9 items of 9 documents
Antioxidant activities of prickly pear ( Opuntia ficus indica) fruits and its betalains: betanin and indicaxanthin.
2004
Phytochemicals and phytomedicines are now an expanding research fields. A great number of active agents occurring in plants and herbs have been discovered, which is fundamental to find a rationale for the health effects of these herbs, in many cases used for centuries as traditional remedies. The knowledge of the mechanisms and molecular basis of their action is the final objective to understand the mode of action of the discovered principles. Studies on the bioactivity of cactus pear are very recent and results obtained so far, while exciting, now generate new questions. In vivo studies on healthy humans showed a strong protection of the body antioxidant system, and a marked reduction of p…
Fruit Juices: Technology, Chemistry, and Nutrition 2.0
2022
In recent years, the food industry has increased its interest in the development of functional foods, including fruit juices, due to the increased demand among consumers for foods and beverages that benefit and improve our health [...]
The Application of Supercritical Fluids Technology to Recover Healthy Valuable Compounds from Marine and Agricultural Food Processing By-Products: A …
2021
Food by-products contain a remarkable source of bioactive molecules with many benefits for humans; therefore, their exploitation can be an excellent opportunity for the food sector. Moreover, the revalorization of these by-products to produce value-added compounds is considered pivotal for sustainable growth based on a circular economy. Traditional extraction technologies have several drawbacks mainly related to the consumption of hazardous organic solvents, and the high temperatures maintained for long extraction periods which cause the degradation of thermolabile compounds as well as a low extraction efficiency of desired compounds. In this context, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) ha…
Review: Evolution of evidence on PFOA and health following the assessments of the C8 Science Panel.
2020
Abstract Background The C8 Science Panel was composed of three epidemiologists charged with studying the possible health effects of PFOA in a highly exposed population in the mid-Ohio Valley. The Panel determined in 2012 there was a ‘probable link’ (i.e., more probable than not based on the weight of the available scientific evidence) between PFOA and high cholesterol, thyroid disease, kidney and testicular cancer, pregnancy-induced hypertension, and ulcerative colitis. Objective Here, former C8 Science Panel members and collaborators comment on the PFOA literature regarding thyroid disorders, cancer, immune and auto-immune disorders, liver disease, hypercholesterolemia, reproductive outcom…
Music and health: Physical, mental, and emotional
2017
Music can heal, recover, and empower. This chapter elaborates on the mechanisms that explain how music serves as a means for promoting physical, mental, and emotional health, across different individuals and the multitude of everyday life situations. Music holds major potential for impacting healthrelevant aspects of human behavior such as the reward system activation, emotion regulation, stress reduction, activation of cognitive-motor behavior, and social interaction. Yet, effective utilization of the health-promoting affordances of music is also strongly dependent on the individual and contextual factors, and the chapter stresses the relevance of understanding the health-impact of music a…
Natural polyphenols in cancer therapy.
2011
Natural polyphenols are secondary metabolites of plants involved in defense against different types of stress. Extracts containing these compounds have been used for thousands of years in traditional eastern medicine. Polyphenols act on multiple targets in pathways and mechanisms related to carcinogenesis, tumor cell proliferation and death, inflammation, metastatic spread, angiogenesis, or drug and radiation resistance. Nevertheless, reported effects claimed for polyphenols are controversial, since correlations between in vitro effects and in vivo evidence are poorly established. The main discrepancy between health claims versus clinical observations is the frequent use of nonphysiological…
Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollouts and Their Effects on Health Outcomes
2022
Background Vaccination against the coronavirus disease (SARS-CoV-2) is understood to be the key way out of the COVID-19 pandemic. Limited evidence exists on the determinants of vaccine rollouts and their health effects at the country level. Objective Examine the determinants of COVID-19 vaccine rollouts and their effects on health outcomes. Methods Ordinary least squares regressions with standard errors clustered at the country level for Cross-section and Panel daily data of vaccinations and various health outcomes (new COVID-19 cases, fatalities, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions) for an unbalanced sample of about 200 countries during the period 16 December 2020 to 20 June 2021. Results…
Microplastics in the global aquatic environment: Analysis, effects, remediation and policy solutions
2019
This opinion paper reports on Microplastics (MPs) pollution in the aquatic environment. MPs are a global problem being detected everywhere: marine environment, wastewaters, surface waters, soils, sediments, food and air. MPs can also absorb organic contaminants, and can be ingested by organisms and introduced into the food web. MPs can be a vector as well of pathogens whereas airborne fibrous MPs may enter our respiratory system with risk to the environment and humans. Main issues and gaps related to MPs on-going and future research are highlighted: chemical analysis, fate in wastewater and drinking water treatment plants, environmental and human health effects as well as remediation strate…
The Management of Health Hazards Related to Municipal Solid Waste on Fire in Europe: An Environmental Justice Issue?
2020
Landfilling should be the last option in an integrated Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management approach. In the European Union (EU), the policy framework to protect the environment and the public health against the impact of health hazards related to urban solid waste management has been consistently implemented in recent decades. A growing interest in the negative impact of fires in waste landfills on the environment and people’s health was reported in some European countries. In Italy, an increasing occurrence of arsons in MSW and landfills has been reported in recent years. During the summer of 2012, a multi-site arson occurred in the Palermo Municipal solid waste landfill of Bellolampo (…